Instagram Blocked? Here’s How to Fix Every Type of Block

You open Instagram, ready to dive into your feed, but instead, you’re greeted with an error message, a block notification, or worse – the app simply refuses to load. This is a frustrating experience shared by many, and the reasons behind it can vary significantly. Perhaps you’re facing network restrictions at school or work, traveling abroad and encountering geo-blocks, dealing with an action-blocked account due to perceived policy violations, or even experiencing ISP throttling that intentionally slows down your connection to certain platforms.

Regardless of the cause, being unable to access Instagram disrupts more than just casual scrolling. For many individuals and businesses, it can mean losing touch with friends and family, missing crucial business communications, being unable to manage brand accounts effectively, or losing access to vital communities and support networks that rely on the platform for connection and information sharing. The impact of this inaccessibility can be substantial, highlighting the importance of finding reliable solutions to overcome these barriers.

This comprehensive guide directly addresses the real frustrations people face when Instagram becomes inaccessible, offering practical and effective solutions. We’ll cut through the noise and focus on actionable strategies that actually work, avoiding theoretical explanations that don’t provide tangible assistance. Our goal is to provide clear, concise answers to specific problems, empowering you to regain access to Instagram quickly and efficiently. Whether you’re a student who needs Instagram for legitimate academic projects, a social media manager locked out of client accounts and unable to fulfill your responsibilities, a traveler struggling to stay connected with loved ones, or simply someone facing unexpected access issues, you’ll find valuable solutions within this guide. We aim to equip you with the knowledge and tools necessary to overcome these obstacles and restore your access to Instagram.

Let’s identify your specific problem and solve it, step-by-step.

Problem 1: School or Workplace Blocks Instagram

Your Situation: You’re connected to a school or workplace network, and Instagram is completely blocked. The website won’t load, the app displays persistent connection errors, and you’re effectively cut off from your account and the content you rely on. This is a common scenario designed to limit distractions and enforce productivity.

Why This Happens: Educational institutions and companies often block Instagram and similar social media platforms to minimize distractions among students and employees, preserving bandwidth for legitimate academic and business purposes. These blocks also serve to prevent access to inappropriate or non-work-related content, maintain a productive environment, and enforce acceptable use policies that govern internet usage on the network. While these measures may seem restrictive, they are often implemented to ensure a focused and efficient learning or working environment. The intention is generally not to inconvenience individuals, but rather to maintain order and productivity within the organization.

Before You Bypass: Before attempting to circumvent these restrictions, it’s essential to pause and consider the potential consequences. Ask yourself if bypassing the block is truly necessary, or if there are alternative solutions that align with the institution’s policies. Are you potentially violating any policies that could lead to disciplinary action or other forms of reprimand? Is there a legitimate educational or work-related reason for needing access to Instagram, or is it primarily for personal use during work hours? Could you reasonably wait until you are off the network to access Instagram without disrupting your work or studies? By carefully considering these questions, you can ensure that your actions are both responsible and justifiable.

If you have a genuine and valid need for accessing Instagram on the school or work network, here are several options to consider:

Solution 1A: Use Your Mobile Data

The Simplest Fix: The most straightforward solution is to simply disable Wi-Fi on your mobile device and utilize your cellular data connection instead. This effectively bypasses the network restrictions imposed by the school or workplace, as you are no longer utilizing their blocked network for internet access. By relying on your own cellular data, you can access Instagram without being subject to their filtering policies.

Pros:

Completely legal and typically policy-compliant, as you are using your own data.
Requires no technical setup or configuration – simply toggle Wi-Fi off.
Works immediately, providing instant access to Instagram.
Presents zero security risks, as you are using your own secure data connection.

Cons:

Consumes your mobile data plan, which could lead to additional charges if you exceed your allowance.
May not be effective if you have poor cellular reception in your location.
Does not provide a solution if you need to access Instagram on a school or work computer, which lacks a cellular data connection.

Best For: Casual Instagram use while physically present at school or work, when you do not require access on their network and have sufficient cellular data available.

Solution 1B: Request an Official Exception

The Responsible Approach: Many educational institutions and companies are willing to grant exceptions for legitimate educational or business purposes, provided that you request it in a professional and respectful manner. This approach involves demonstrating that your need for Instagram access is justified and aligns with the organization’s objectives.

How to Request:

Document your specific need in detail, providing clear justification for why Instagram access is required for a class project, business communication, or other legitimate purpose.
Contact your IT department or supervisor, depending on the organizational structure of your school or workplace.
Explain precisely what you need Instagram for, highlighting the specific features or functionalities that are essential to your task.
Propose limitations to your access, such as specific times when access is needed, particular devices that will be used, or a limited list of accounts that you require access to.
Follow up professionally, ensuring that your request is being considered and addressing any questions or concerns that may arise.

Pros:

Completely above-board and transparent, avoiding any potential policy violations.
Eliminates the risk of disciplinary action or other negative consequences.
May result in permanent access for legitimate purposes, streamlining your workflow in the future.
Demonstrates responsibility and professionalism, reflecting positively on your character and work ethic.

Cons:

Can take time to process, as the request needs to be reviewed and approved by the appropriate authorities.
May be denied if your justification is not deemed sufficient or if there are concerns about potential misuse.
Requires carefully justifying your need, which may involve significant effort and preparation.

Best For: Students with legitimate academic needs, employees who require Instagram for work-related tasks, and situations where ongoing access is crucial for fulfilling your responsibilities.

Solution 1C: Use Professional Proxy Services

When You Genuinely Need Access: If mobile data is not a viable option and requesting official permission is not feasible or has been denied, professional proxy services offer a more reliable and secure solution than unreliable free alternatives. These services are designed to bypass network restrictions while maintaining a high level of security and privacy.

How This Works: A proxy server acts as an intermediary between your device and the internet. It routes your traffic through external servers located outside the blocked network, effectively masking your IP address and making it appear as though you’re accessing Instagram from a different location. This can circumvent network filters and firewalls that are designed to block access to specific websites or applications.

Critical Distinction – Free vs. Professional Proxies: It’s crucial to understand the significant differences between free and professional proxy services, as the choice can have a substantial impact on your security, privacy, and overall experience.

Free Proxies:

Are often blocked themselves, rendering them ineffective for accessing Instagram.
Typically offer extremely slow and unreliable connections, leading to a frustrating user experience.
Pose major security and privacy risks, as they may log your data or expose you to malware.
May inject unwanted advertisements or even malicious software into your browsing sessions.
Offer no customer support or assistance when they don’t work, leaving you stranded with a broken connection.

Professional Services like IPFLY:

Utilize residential IPs that are less likely to be blocked, ensuring consistent access to Instagram.
Provide fast, reliable connections, enabling smooth browsing and media streaming.
Offer secure, encrypted traffic, protecting your data from eavesdropping and interception.
Are specifically designed to work effectively with Instagram, bypassing advanced blocking techniques.
Provide dedicated customer support to assist you with any issues or configuration problems.

Why IPFLY Works for Instagram: Instagram actively blocks datacenter IPs and obvious VPN traffic, as these are commonly used by proxy services and bots. IPFLY’s extensive network of over 90 million residential IP addresses from real ISPs across more than 190 countries are virtually indistinguishable from regular home internet connections. This allows your traffic to be treated as that of a normal user, rather than a proxy that needs to be blocked, ensuring reliable access to Instagram.

Setup:

Sign up for an IPFLY service plan that meets your specific needs and budget.
Configure the proxy settings on your device, following the detailed instructions provided by IPFLY.
Connect to Instagram normally through your web browser or the mobile app.
Enjoy reliable access to Instagram without being detected or blocked.

Pros:

Actually works, unlike many free alternatives that are quickly blocked or unreliable.
Provides secure and private access, protecting your data from prying eyes.
Offers reliable performance for ongoing use, ensuring consistent access to Instagram.
Supports HD content and Stories, allowing you to fully experience Instagram’s features.
Won’t expose you to malware or other security threats.

Cons:

Requires a paid subscription, which may not be suitable for all users.
May still be technically against most network policies, so exercise caution and discretion.
Requires some technical setup and configuration, which may be challenging for less tech-savvy users.

Best For: Situations where you have a legitimate need for Instagram access but cannot obtain official permission, when mobile data is not a viable option, and when you require reliable and ongoing access to the platform.

Problem 2: Instagram Blocked in Your Country

Your Situation: Instagram is completely inaccessible in your country due to government-imposed restrictions. The service is unavailable, and you’re cut off from global communities and access to information shared on the platform.

Why This Happens: Some governments block Instagram and other social media platforms due to concerns about political content, perceived violations of cultural or religious policies, temporary blocks during specific events, or broader internet censorship frameworks designed to control the flow of information.

The Access Challenge: Geographic blocks are more sophisticated than simple network filters. They often involve ISP-level blocking, DNS filtering, protocol analysis, and comprehensive censorship infrastructure designed to detect and block various circumvention techniques.

Solution 2A: Professional Residential Proxies

Why Residential Proxies Matter Here: Government blocks often target known VPN and proxy services, particularly those using datacenter IPs, which are easily identified and blocked. However, residential IPs from real ISPs in other countries are more likely to work because they appear as regular internet users accessing the platform from unrestricted regions.

IPFLY’s Advantage for Geographic Blocks:

With a vast network of authentic residential IPs in over 190 countries, IPFLY enables access from regions where Instagram is not blocked. Your traffic appears to originate from a regular home internet connection in an unblocked country, bypassing censorship mechanisms effectively. There are no VPN signatures, no datacenter IPs – just authentic residential access.

How to Use for Geographic Blocks:

Choose IPs from countries where Instagram is not blocked to ensure seamless access.
Configure your device to route all Instagram traffic through IPFLY’s proxy servers.
Access Instagram as if you were physically located in that country, bypassing local restrictions.
Maintain reliable access to Instagram despite local censorship efforts.

Pros:

Works effectively where VPNs are often blocked due to sophisticated censorship techniques.
Provides reliable and consistent access to Instagram, ensuring uninterrupted use.
Offers secure, encrypted connections to protect your data and privacy.
Allows access to full Instagram features, without limitations or restrictions.
Provides multiple country options, enabling you to choose the optimal location for accessing the platform.

Cons:

Requires a paid subscription to IPFLY’s service, which may not be accessible to everyone.
May violate local laws regarding internet censorship, so it’s crucial to check your jurisdiction’s regulations.
Needs proper configuration to ensure that all Instagram traffic is routed through the proxy server.

Legal Warning: It’s crucial to understand the laws in your country regarding circumvention tools, such as proxies and VPNs. In some places, using these tools is restricted or even illegal. We’re providing technical information to empower you, but you’re ultimately responsible for complying with local laws.

Solution 2B: Consider Alternatives

If accessing Instagram carries legal risks in your location, consider these alternative approaches:

Use Instagram when traveling to unrestricted countries, taking advantage of temporary freedom of access.
Access the platform through officially sanctioned methods, if any exist, such as government-approved platforms.
Use alternative platforms that are available in your region, exploring other options for social networking and content sharing.
Wait for policy changes that might restore access to Instagram in your country, remaining hopeful for future developments.

Problem 3: Instagram Action Blocks Your Account

Your Situation: You can access Instagram, but specific features are blocked. You can’t like posts, follow people, comment, send DMs, or post content. Instagram says you’ve been “action blocked,” restricting your ability to interact with the platform.

Why This Happens: Instagram has detected behavior it considers automated or spam-like, triggering an action block. This can include following or unfollowing accounts too quickly, excessive liking or commenting, repetitive actions that appear bot-driven, using unauthorized automation tools, or simply being too active too fast, exceeding the platform’s limits.

Important: This is an account-level restriction imposed by Instagram itself, not a network block. Using proxies won’t solve this problem. You need to address the underlying behavior that triggered the action block in the first place.

Solution 3A: Wait It Out

The Patient Approach: Most action blocks are temporary, often lasting for 24-48 hours for first offenses. This allows Instagram’s algorithm to assess your behavior and determine if the block is warranted.

What to Do:

Stop all Instagram activity immediately, refraining from any further actions that could exacerbate the problem.
Don’t try to bypass the block using workarounds or alternative methods, as this may prolong the restriction.
Wait for the specified duration to allow the action block to expire naturally.
Review Instagram’s Community Guidelines to understand the platform’s policies and avoid future violations.
Identify what triggered the block by analyzing your recent activity and identifying potential triggers.

This Works Because: Instagram’s algorithm needs to see that you’ve stopped the problematic behavior. Attempting workarounds often extends or worsens action blocks, signaling that you’re attempting to circumvent the platform’s rules.

Solution 3B: Review and Change Behavior

Address the Root Cause:

Stop using automation tools immediately, as these are often a primary cause of action blocks.
Slow down your activity drastically, reducing the volume and frequency of your actions.
Space actions out more naturally, mimicking human behavior and avoiding patterns that resemble automation.
Stop any aggressive growth tactics, such as follow/unfollow strategies or excessive liking.
Engage authentically instead, focusing on building genuine connections and providing valuable content.

Going Forward:

Follow accounts slowly, limiting yourself to 20-30 follows per day maximum to avoid triggering action blocks.
Like and comment at human speeds, avoiding rapid or repetitive actions.
Avoid repetitive messages, as these can be interpreted as spam or bot-like behavior.
Don’t use bots or automation services, as these are often detected and penalized by Instagram.
Build authentic engagement gradually, focusing on building meaningful relationships with other users.

Solution 3C: Managing Multiple Accounts Without Blocks

For Social Media Managers: Running multiple client accounts often triggers Instagram’s multi-account detection system, leading to action blocks. This is because Instagram perceives multiple accounts from the same IP address as potentially suspicious.

The Problem: Instagram sees multiple accounts accessing the platform from the same IP address, device, or connection pattern and flags them as potential spam or bot networks, resulting in action blocks.

Professional Solution – IPFLY for Account Separation:

Social media managers and agencies use IPFLY’s static residential proxies to properly separate client accounts, preventing multi-account detection and minimizing the risk of action blocks.

How it Works:

Assign a unique residential IP address to each Instagram account, ensuring that each account appears to be accessing the platform from a different location.
Each account appears to access Instagram from its own home connection, avoiding any shared infrastructure that could trigger detection.
There are no shared IPs that would link accounts, preserving each account’s independent identity.
Maintains each account’s independent identity, allowing each account to build its own reputation and avoid association with other accounts.

Benefits:

Prevents multi-account detection, reducing the risk of action blocks and account suspension.
Each account builds its own reputation, allowing for more authentic engagement and increased visibility.
Reduces action block risk dramatically, enabling more efficient and reliable account management.
Enables professional account management, providing a secure and compliant environment for managing multiple Instagram accounts.
Supports legitimate agency operations, allowing social media managers to effectively serve their clients without fear of action blocks.

Setup for Agencies:

Get static residential IPs from IPFLY, allocating one unique IP address per Instagram account to ensure proper separation.
Configure each account to always use its assigned IP, preventing accidental sharing of IP addresses.
Maintain consistent access patterns per account, avoiding any erratic behavior that could trigger detection.
Never cross IPs between accounts, as this could lead to account association and potential action blocks.
Operate each account as if it’s a different user, engaging authentically and building genuine connections.

This separation prevents Instagram from connecting accounts through shared infrastructure, dramatically reducing block risk while enabling professional multi-account management and ensuring compliance with the platform’s terms of service.

Problem 4: Instagram Loads Slowly or Won’t Load Content

Your Situation: Instagram loads, but barely functions. Photos won’t load, Stories buffer endlessly, videos don’t play, or the app is painfully slow, making it difficult to browse and engage with content.

Why This Happens: Your ISP may be throttling Instagram specifically, intentionally slowing down your connection to the platform. Alternatively, your network connection may be poor, Instagram’s servers may be experiencing issues, or your device may be experiencing internal problems.

Solution 4A: Identify If It’s Throttling

Test for Throttling:

Check if other services work normally, comparing the performance of Instagram to other websites and apps.
Try Instagram on a different network, such as cellular data or a friend’s Wi-Fi, to rule out local network issues.
Use a speed test tool specifically designed for Instagram to measure your connection speed to the platform.
See if the issue occurs at specific times, such as peak hours, suggesting that your ISP is throttling during periods of high network congestion.

If Your ISP Is Throttling: They’re deliberately slowing Instagram traffic, often during peak hours or because you’ve exceeded soft data caps, limiting your bandwidth and degrading performance.

Solution – Bypass Throttling:

Professional proxy services like IPFLY encrypt your traffic, preventing your ISP from identifying that you’re using Instagram specifically. They see encrypted traffic but can’t throttle it selectively, ensuring consistent performance.

How IPFLY Helps:

Encrypted connections prevent ISP inspection, hiding the specific type of traffic you’re sending and receiving.
The ISP can’t identify Instagram traffic to throttle, ensuring that your connection to the platform remains unhindered.
Consistent speeds regardless of service, providing a reliable and predictable experience.
Reliable performance even during peak hours, bypassing ISP throttling and ensuring smooth browsing.

Solution 4B: Improve Connection Quality

If it’s not throttling:

Switch from Wi-Fi to cellular or vice versa, testing whether the issue is related to a specific type of connection.
Reset your router, clearing any potential network issues or configuration problems.
Clear the Instagram app cache, removing temporary files that may be causing performance issues.
Update the Instagram app to the latest version, ensuring that you have the latest bug fixes and performance improvements.
Restart your device, resolving any potential software glitches or system errors that may be affecting performance.

Problem 5: Can’t Access Instagram While Traveling

Your Situation: You’re traveling internationally, and Instagram doesn’t work properly. It shows different content, is blocked entirely, or restricts certain functionalities, limiting your ability to engage with your network.

Why This Happens: Regional content restrictions, temporary blocks in certain countries, IP address location changes triggering security measures, or network infrastructure limitations can all prevent access to Instagram while traveling abroad.

Solution: Access from Consistent Location

The Travel Problem: Your IP address keeps changing as you move between countries, triggering Instagram security checks and limiting functionality, as the platform attempts to verify your identity and protect your account.

IPFLY’s Travel Solution:

Maintain consistent access from your home country’s IP address even while traveling. IPFLY’s static residential proxies provide permanent IPs from your chosen country, allowing you to bypass regional restrictions and maintain a consistent online identity.

Benefits While Traveling:

Access Instagram as if you’re at home, enjoying the same content and features you’re accustomed to.
Avoid regional content restrictions, accessing content that may be blocked or unavailable in your current location.
Prevent travel-triggered security blocks, avoiding account restrictions or verification prompts due to location changes.
Maintain a consistent account location, ensuring that your account is not flagged for suspicious activity.
Access familiar content and features, avoiding the frustration of dealing with regional differences or restrictions.

How to Set Up:

Before traveling, configure IPFLY with an IP address from your home country to establish your desired location.
Keep this configuration on your devices, ensuring that all Instagram traffic is routed through the proxy server.
Access Instagram through IPFLY while abroad, maintaining a consistent online identity regardless of your physical location.
Instagram sees a consistent location regardless of where you actually are, preventing security checks and ensuring smooth access.

Problem 6: Instagram Detects and Blocks Your Proxy/VPN

Your Situation: You’ve tried using a proxy or VPN to access Instagram, but the platform detects and blocks your traffic, preventing you from bypassing restrictions.

Why This Happens: Instagram actively identifies and blocks datacenter IPs, known VPN servers, obvious proxy signatures, and traffic patterns that indicate proxy usage, as these are often associated with bot activity or policy violations.

The Detection Problem: Most free and cheap proxies use datacenter IPs that Instagram blocks immediately. Their detection is sophisticated, analyzing traffic patterns, device fingerprints, and connection characteristics to identify and block proxy usage.

Solution: Use Proxies Instagram Can’t Detect

Why Residential Proxies Work:

Instagram can’t distinguish IPFLY’s residential IPs from regular users because they ARE regular residential connections. They’re not datacenter servers or VPN endpoints. They’re actual home ISP connections, making them virtually undetectable.

IPFLY’s Anti-Detection Advantages:

90+ million residential IPs from real ISPs, providing a vast pool of legitimate IP addresses.
Authentic home internet connections, not servers, making them indistinguishable from regular users.
No VPN signatures in traffic, avoiding the telltale signs of VPN usage.
Natural user behavior patterns, mimicking human activity and avoiding suspicious patterns.
Constantly refreshed IP pool, preventing the same IP addresses from being used repeatedly.

The Result: Instagram treats your access as a normal user from that location. No detection, no blocking, and no limitations on features.

Choosing the Right Solution for Your Situation

Quick Decision Guide:

At school/work and need occasional access: Use mobile data. Simple, safe, and compliant.

At school/work with a legitimate ongoing need: Request official permission. The most professional approach.

In a country blocking Instagram: Use professional residential proxies like IPFLY. Understand local laws first.

Account action blocked: Stop problematic behavior, wait it out, and change your approach going forward.

Managing multiple accounts professionally: Use IPFLY’s static residential IPs to separate accounts properly.

Instagram slow or throttled: Professional proxies with encryption bypass ISP throttling.

Traveling internationally: Maintain a consistent country IP through IPFLY while abroad.

Previous proxies/VPNs blocked: Switch to residential proxies that Instagram can’t detect.

Why IPFLY Solves Instagram Access Better Than Alternatives

The Core Difference: Most proxy and VPN services use datacenter servers that Instagram blocks immediately. IPFLY uses actual residential IP addresses from real ISPs that Instagram has no reason to block, providing a significantly more reliable solution.

Key Advantages:

Residential Authenticity: 90+ million real residential IPs make your traffic indistinguishable from regular users, preventing detection and blocking.

Geographic Flexibility: Access Instagram from anywhere in the world with over 190+ countries available.

Reliable Performance: Enjoy high-speed infrastructure that supports HD photos, Stories, and videos without buffering.

Static Options for Consistency: Maintain the same IP address for account stability and reputation building, crucial for professional account management.

Unlimited Usage: No bandwidth caps limiting your Instagram activity, allowing for uninterrupted use.

Actually Works: While free proxies get blocked in hours, IPFLY maintains access indefinitely, providing a consistent and reliable experience.

Professional Support: 24/7 help is available if you encounter any configuration or access issues.

Important Considerations and Warnings

Respect policies where appropriate: Just because you CAN bypass restrictions doesn’t always mean you SHOULD. Consider whether access is genuinely necessary and whether there’s a more appropriate solution, aligning with the ethical guidelines of your institution or organization.

Understand legal implications: Some countries restrict or prohibit circumvention tools. Research laws in your jurisdiction before using proxies or VPNs, ensuring that you’re compliant with local regulations.

Protect your account: Only use reputable services. Free proxies often steal credentials or inject malware, compromising your security. Stick with established, professional services to minimize risks.

Follow Instagram’s community guidelines: Access tools help you GET to Instagram, but you still need to use the platform appropriately. Don’t use access for spam, harassment, or policy violations, maintaining a responsible and ethical approach.

Consider privacy: Professional services like IPFLY encrypt your traffic and respect privacy. Free services may sell your data or monitor your activity, compromising your personal information.

Getting Started With Reliable Instagram Access

If you’ve determined that professional proxy access is your best solution, here’s how to get started with IPFLY:

Step 1: Sign up for IPFLY Visit IPFLY’s website and create an account. Choose a plan that matches your needs—individual access for personal use or business plans for multiple accounts.

Step 2: Get your proxy configuration IPFLY provides clear setup instructions for all devices—iOS, Android, Windows, Mac, and web browsers.

Step 3: Configure your device Follow the provided instructions to set up the proxy. It typically takes just a few minutes to complete the configuration.

Step 4: Access Instagram normally Open Instagram and use it exactly as you normally would. The proxy works transparently in the background, providing seamless access.

Step 5: Enjoy reliable access Whether you’re overcoming network blocks, bypassing geographic restrictions, or managing multiple accounts, your access remains consistent and reliable, ensuring uninterrupted use of the platform.

Final Thoughts: Finding the Right Solution

Being blocked from Instagram is frustrating, whether it’s preventing you from staying connected with friends, managing your business, or simply enjoying content you care about. The good news is that solutions exist for virtually every blocking scenario, allowing you to regain access and continue using the platform.

The key is choosing the RIGHT solution for YOUR specific situation—not just the first thing you find online. Free proxies sound tempting but rarely work and often compromise your security. Professional services cost more but actually solve your problem reliably and safely, providing a much more secure and consistent experience.

For most Instagram access challenges—from school and work blocks to international travel to professional account management—residential proxy services like IPFLY provide the most effective, secure, and reliable solution. The authentic residential IPs work where datacenter alternatives fail, the global coverage addresses geographic restrictions, and the professional infrastructure ensures consistent, quality access, allowing you to enjoy the platform without limitations.

Whatever solution you choose, prioritize your security, understand any policy or legal implications, and use Instagram responsibly once you have access. Being able to access Instagram is valuable, but protecting yourself and using the platform appropriately matters more, contributing to a positive and responsible online environment.

Choose solutions that work, protect your security, and support legitimate use. For reliable Instagram access when you really need it, choose professional infrastructure designed specifically for this purpose—choose IPFLY.